PEM Tropics-A Nominal Measurement Characteristics of Instruments on the DC-8
SPECIES
PARAMETER |
INVESTIGATOR |
TECHNIQUE |
AVERAGING TIME |
ACCURACY |
NOMINAL
PRECISION |
NOMINAL
LOD |
| NO |
J. Bradshaw |
TP-LIF |
9.6 sec
(ranging from
0.22 - 556 sec) |
62.6 ±63.3 pptv (1) |
6.0 ±5.5 pptv (1) |
0.89 ±0.89
(ranging from
0.14 - 5.09 pptv) |
| NO2 |
J. Bradshaw |
PF/TP-LIF |
3 min |
12 ±16 pptv (2) |
2.6 ±2.24 pptv (2) |
4.4 ±3.4 pptv |
| O3 |
G. Gregory |
Chemiluminescence |
0.5 sec |
3% or 2 ppbv |
2% 0r 1 ppbv |
1 ppbv |
| CO |
G. Sachse |
TDL |
5 sec |
1% |
1 ppbv or 1% |
NA |
| CH4 |
G. Sachse |
TDL |
5 sec |
1% |
3 ppbv |
NA |
| CO2 |
G. Sachse |
Non-Dispersive IR |
5 sec |
1% |
50 ppbv |
NA |
| H2O vapor |
G. Sachse |
Diode Laser
Specrometer |
0.05 sec |
±10% |
±2% or 0.2 ppm |
0.2 ppm |
| CO2 |
S. Vay |
NDIR |
5 sec |
300 ppbv |
100 ppbv |
NA |
| Remote O3 Profile |
E. Browell |
UV DIAL |
5 min (3) |
10% or 2 ppbv |
5% or 1 ppbv |
<5 ppbv |
| Remote Aerosol Profile |
E. Browell |
UV DIAL (visible) |
2 sec (4) |
10% |
1% |
NA |
| H2O |
J. Barrick |
Cryogenic Chilled Mirror Hygrometer |
1 sec |
±0.5 - 1.0 OC |
±0.2 OC |
-100 OC |
| H2O2 |
B. Heikes |
Grab Samples/HPLC |
2.5 min |
±30% |
10 pptv |
15 pptv |
| CH3OOH |
B. Heikes |
Grab Samples/HPLC |
2.5 min |
±30% |
15 pptv |
25 pptv |
| Condensation Nuclei (CN) |
B. Anderson |
Butanol CN Counter |
10 sec |
10% |
5% |
25.4 (Ultra-Fine)-
0.547 (Fine) |
| DMS |
A. Bandy |
GC/GMS |
3-5 min. |
<10% |
1 pptv |
2 |
| SO2 |
A. Bandy |
GC/GMS |
3-5 min. |
<10% |
1pptv |
1 |
| PAN |
H. Singh |
GC/ECD |
150 sec |
±20% |
±10% or ±1 pptv |
1 |
| PPN |
H. Singh |
GC/ECD |
150 sec |
±30% |
±20% or ±1 pptv |
1 |
| C2Cl4 |
H. Singh |
GC/ECD |
150 sec |
±10% |
±10% or ±1 pptv |
0.5 |
| Methyl_Nitrate |
H. Singh |
GC/ECD |
150 sec |
±20% |
±10% |
1 |
| Ethyl/i-Propyl_Nitrate |
H. Singh |
GC/ECD |
150 sec |
±20% |
±10% |
1 |
| HNO3 |
R. Talbot |
Aqueous Scrub/IC |
4-8 min |
30-35% (5) |
30-35% |
<20 pptv |
| HCOOH |
R. Talbot |
Aqueous Scrub/IC |
4-8 min |
15% |
15% |
10-31 pptv |
| CH3COOH |
R. Talbot |
Aqueous Scrub/IC |
4-8 min |
20% |
20% |
10-31 pptv |
| Chloride |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20min |
30% |
35% |
20 |
| Nitrate |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
20% |
10% |
10 |
| Oxalate |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
10% |
15% |
1 |
| Sulfate |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
13% |
10% |
3.5 |
| Methylsulfonate |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
10% |
15% |
0.5 |
| Ammonium |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
15% |
15% |
20 |
| Sodium |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
35% |
35% |
50 |
| Potassium |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
20% |
20% |
15 |
| Magnesium |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
10% |
10% |
6.5 |
| Calcium |
R. Talbot |
Filter/IC |
10-20 min |
15% |
15% |
15 |
| Be-7 |
R. Talbot |
Filter/Gama Spectroscopy |
10-20 min |
20% |
15% |
100 fCi/scm |
| Pb-210 |
R. Talbot |
Filter/Alpha Spectroscopy |
10-20 min |
20% |
10% |
0.1 fCi/scm |
| CFC-12 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
2% |
0.7% |
1.0 |
| CFC-11 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
2% |
0.8% |
3 |
| CFC-113 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
2% |
1.4% |
3 |
| CFC-114 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1.5% |
1 |
| HCFC-22 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1.5% |
10 |
| H-1301 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
2% |
0.1 |
| H-1211 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
2% |
0.1 |
| H-2402 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
5% |
0.1 |
| CH3Cl |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
2% |
100 |
| CH3Br |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
4% |
1 |
| CH3I |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10% |
5-10% (6) |
0.05 |
| CHCl3 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
2% |
2 |
| CH3CCl3 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% |
3 |
| CCl4 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% |
3 |
| C2Cl4 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10% |
1-5% (6) |
0.05 |
| CHBrCl2 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.05 |
| CH2Br2 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.4 |
| CHClBr2 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.005 |
| CHBr3 |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.005 |
| Methyl Nitrate |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.05 |
| Ethyl Nitrate |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.05 |
| 1-Propyl Nitrate |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.05 |
| 2-Propyl Nitrate |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.05 |
| 2-Butyl Nitrate |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10-20% (6) |
5-10% (6) |
0.05 |
| Ethane |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% or 2 pptv |
3 |
| Ethene |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10% |
3 pptv |
2 |
| Propane |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% or 2 pptv |
3 |
| Propene |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10% |
3 pptv |
2 |
| i-Butane |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% or 2 pptv |
2 |
| n-Butane |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% or 2 pptv |
2 |
| Ethyne |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% or 2 pptv |
2 |
| Isoprene |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
10% |
3% or 3 pptv |
2 |
| n-Pentane |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% or 2 pptv |
2 |
| i-Pentane |
D. Blake |
Grab Sample/GC |
10-75 sec |
5% |
1% or 2 pptv |
2 |
| CH3ONO2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| C2H5ONO2
|
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| i-C3H7ONO2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| n-C3H7ONO2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| 2-C4H9ONO2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| 3-CH3-2-C4H9ONO2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| 3-C5H11ONO2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| 2-C5H11ONO2
|
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| CH2Cl2
|
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
<1 ppt (8) |
| HCFC141B |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| HCFC142B |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| HFC134A |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| CH2Br2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| CHBrCl2 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| CHBr2Cl |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| CHBr3 |
E. Atlas |
(7) |
10-75 sec |
10% - 20% (6) |
5% - 10% (6) |
< 0.1 ppt (8) |
| J(NO2) Zenith &
Nadir |
J. Barrick |
Hemispherical Radiometer |
1 sec |
±5% |
±1% |
NA |
| Nadir & Zenith
Spectroradiometer |
R. Shetter |
Actinic Flux Spectroradiometry |
30 sec |
±5% |
±5% |
(9) |
| Aircraft Ephemeris Data |
DC-8 |
GPS |
1 sec |
±25m |
±25m |
1m |
| Surface Temperature |
DC-8 |
Pyrometer |
1 sec |
±0.5 OC |
±0.2 OC |
-50 OC |
| Dew Point |
DC-8 |
2 & 3 Stage Frost Point
Hygrometer |
1 sec |
±0.5 - 1.0 OC |
±0.2 OC |
-100 OC |
NOTES:
(1) Total uncertainty is 8.4 ±8.9 pptv
(2) Total uncertainty is 3.7 ±4 pptv
(3) The vertical resolution is 300 meters. Horizontal
resolution is 5 minutes (approximately 70 kilometers). The data are
archived at a vertical sampling interval of 300 meters and a horizontal
sampling interval of 60 seconds (approximately 14 kilometers).
(4) The vertical averaging interval is 60 meters.
Horizontal averaging interval is 2 seconds (approximately 470 meters). The
data are archived at a vertical sampling interval of 90 meters and a
horizontal sampling interval of 60 seconds (approximately 14 kilometers).
(5) 30-35 % @ LOD, 20% @ 25-100 pptv, 15% @ >100 pptv
(6) Higher uncertainty for molecules with mixing ratios
in the .001 - .1 pptv range
(7) Analysis was performed on whole air samples aquired
by D. Blake. The analytical technique was gas chromatography with mass
spectrometric (EI and NICI) detection.
(8) For some molecules with mixing ratios near the limit
of detection, null values were used to replace zero values for reasons of
analytical problems or to indicate limit of detection
(9) The given lower limits of detection are the 2-sigma
values of the flight period 02:50-03:10 on Oct. 6th (during total
darkness)
